Tauquir Ahmed’s Fagun Haway

Linguistic Imperialism of Urdu over Bangla

Authors

  • Farhana Ahasan Assistant Professor, Department of English, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • Sumaiya Meem Teacher, Spectrum International School, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.66460/puj.v4i1.10

Keywords:

Linguistic Imperialism, language movement, Fagun Haway

Abstract

This paper is a qualitative study to show the significance of a contemporary Bangladeshi film Fagun Haway in understanding the history of language movement in 1952. Using the lens of Linguistic Imperialism (2024), an extension of a theory (1992) of Robert Phillipson, it examines how language is used as a mechanism of oppression in dominating a nation and as a form of resistance in breaking the structure of domination. In his article Linguistic Imperialism (2024), Phillipson mentions eleven processes through which a nation is linguistically, in the long run, economically, politically and culturally dominated. These eleven processes are used to dominate the Bengali-speaking people by imposing Urdu on them. The implementation of these processes is very realistically portrayed in the film Fagun Haway. This study is significant because it shows how to analyze the process of linguistic imperialism in any given country where a second or a foreign language is learnt. Using a thematic analysis, this study explores the cinematic narrative of a historical language movement of 1952 that reflects the persistence of colonial power structures in postcolonial governance.

References

Ahad, O. (2017). ভাষা আন্দোলনের স্মৃতি [Memory of Language Movement]. In H. Hafiz. আমাদের একুশে ফেব্রুয়ারী [Our 21st February]. Ananya.

Ahmed, T. (Director). (2019). Fagun Haway [Film]. Jaaz Multimedia.

Azher, M. U. R., Masood, S., Malek, N. M. & Rehman, K. U. (2018). Conflict and Development: A Case Study of East Pakistan Crisis, 1971. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2(8), 131-135. https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-2-issue-8/131-135.pdf

Canagarajah, S. (2020). Translingual practice as spatial repertoires: Expanding the paradigm beyond structuralist orientations. Applied Linguistics, 41(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amz023

El-Hamel, C. (2010). Memmi, Albert. In Literary theory from 1900 to 1966: A–Z (Vol. I). Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444337839.wbelctv1m003

Fanon, F. (2008). Black Skin, White Masks (R. Philcox, Trans.). Pluto Press. (Original work published 1952)

Garcia, O., & Wei, L. (2014). Translanguaging and Educational Equity. Palgrave Macmillan.

Helal, B. A. (2021). Language Movement. Banglapedia- National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh. https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Language_Movement

Kashem, P. A. (2017). ভাষা আন্দোলনের স্মৃতি [Memory of Language Movement]. In H. Hafiz. আমাদের একুশে ফেব্রুয়ারী [Our 21st February]. Ananya.

Memmi, A. (1957). The colonizer and the colonized (H. Greenfeld, Trans.). Beacon Press. (Original work published 1965)

Pennycook, A. (1994). The Cultural Politics of English as an International Language. Routledge.

Ngugi wa Thiong’o. (1986). Decolonising the Mind: The Politics of Language in African Literature. James Currey.

Phillipson, R. (1992). Linguistic Imperialism. Oxford University Press.

Phillipson, R. (2024). Linguistic Imperialism. In C. A. Chapelle (Ed.), The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics (2024 ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DOI: 10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0718.pub3

Rahman, M. M. (2020). Linguistic diversity and social justice in (Bangla)desh: a socio-historical and language ideological perspective. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 41:4, 289-304, https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.019.1617296

Shannon, S. (1995). The hegemony of English: A case study of one bilingual classroom as a site of resistance. Linguistics and Education, 7(3), 175-200.

Tarkabagish, A. R. (2017). ভাষা আন্দোলনের স্মৃতি [Memory of Language Movement]. In H. Hafiz. আমাদের একুশে ফেব্রুয়ারী [Our 21st February]. Ananya.

Thiong’O. N. W. (1986). Decolonizing the Mind: The Politics of Language in African Literature. James Currey.

Tupas, R., & Rubdy, R. (2023). Linguistic internalization and postcolonial language hierarchies. World Englishes, 42(1), 3–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/weng.12602

Uddin, M. J. (2025, February 20). Language Movement: More than language. New Age. https://www.newagebd.net/post/opinion/258413/language-movement-more-than-language

Zeng, J., Ponce, A. R., & Li, Y. (2023). English linguistic neo-imperialism in the era of globalization: A conceptual viewpoint. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1149471

Downloads

Published

2026-07-22

How to Cite

Farhana Ahasan, & Sumaiya Meem. (2026). Tauquir Ahmed’s Fagun Haway: Linguistic Imperialism of Urdu over Bangla. Presidency University Journal, 4(1), 26–36. https://doi.org/10.66460/puj.v4i1.10

Issue

Section

Articles